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Explicitly clarify types of passwords
Explicitly limit the scope of the article to just passwords used in encryption/decryption.
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@ -12,6 +12,8 @@ This question might not be especially practical, but it's fun to analyze and off
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## Asking the right question
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## Asking the right question
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Let's limit the scope of this article to passwords used in encryption/decryption. An attacker is trying to guess a password to decrypt something.
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Instead of predicting what tomorrow's computers may be able to do, let's examine the biggest possible brute-force attack that the laws of physics can allow.
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Instead of predicting what tomorrow's computers may be able to do, let's examine the biggest possible brute-force attack that the laws of physics can allow.
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A supercomputer is probably faster than your phone; however, given enough time, both are capable of doing the same calculations. If time isn't the bottleneck, energy usage is. More efficient computers can flip more bits with a finite amount of energy.
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A supercomputer is probably faster than your phone; however, given enough time, both are capable of doing the same calculations. If time isn't the bottleneck, energy usage is. More efficient computers can flip more bits with a finite amount of energy.
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@ -37,6 +37,9 @@ interesting perspective regarding sane upper-limits on password strength.
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Asking the right question
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Asking the right question
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Let's limit the scope of this article to passwords used in encryption/decryption. An
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attacker is trying to guess a password to decrypt something.
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Instead of predicting what tomorrow's computers may be able to do, let's examine the
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Instead of predicting what tomorrow's computers may be able to do, let's examine the
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*biggest possible brute-force attack* that the laws of physics can allow.
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*biggest possible brute-force attack* that the laws of physics can allow.
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@ -60,7 +63,9 @@ MOAC?
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### Quantifying password strength.
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### Quantifying password strength.
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*A previous version of this section wasn't clear and accurate. I've since removed the offending bits and added a clarification about salting/hashing to the [Caveats and estimates]({{<ref "#caveats-and-estimates" >}}) section.*
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*A previous version of this section wasn't clear and accurate. I've since removed the
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offending bits and added a clarification about salting/hashing to the [Caveats and
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estimates]({{<ref "#caveats-and-estimates" >}}) section.*
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A good measure of password strength is **entropy bits.** The entropy bits in a
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A good measure of password strength is **entropy bits.** The entropy bits in a
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password is a base-2 logarithm of the number of guesses required to brute-force
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password is a base-2 logarithm of the number of guesses required to brute-force
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