mirror of
https://git.sr.ht/~seirdy/seirdy.one
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1d44b76dc1
- Switch references to "1px" to "thin". - Update docs to be clearer - Put a border around <details> and comment why.
715 lines
20 KiB
CSS
715 lines
20 KiB
CSS
/* CSS that adds the bare minimum for a simple, accessible,
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* touch-friendly layout compatible with as many UAs as possible.
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* Nothing here exists purely for cosmetics; everything addresses a
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* specific accessibility, compatibility, or critical
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* usability need.
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*
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* Three exceptions:
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* - I re-set the input styles so Safari wouldn't make them pill-shaped
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* - I tweaked some margins/paddings to make some things evenly aligned
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* - I made my IndieWeb profile photo align without an underline
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* on the whitespace between the photo and my name.
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*
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* I also don't use any non-microformats classes except when styling
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* depends on *content* of an element rather than structure/semantics.
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* Examples include images that look better with pixelated upscaling,
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* and posts on the list of entries in the "notes" section that are tall
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* and need a larger contain-intrinsic-size.
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* One exception: a class for narrow width body text.
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*
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* Some pages (e.g. post archives) are really long despite having a
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* small download size. Rather than resort to pagination, I decided to
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* use CSS containment and content-visibility. I test performance on
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* browsers with heavy throttling and no GPU acceleration to ensure that
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* they're gentle on the CPU. For instance, Lighthouse benchmarks my
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* machine's CPU power at 1200-1300 and recommends 2.8-3.0x throttling;
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* I throttle at 12-15x.
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*
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* "content-visibility: auto" implies containment; however, some
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* browsers don't support "content-visibility: auto" but do support the
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* "contain" property. To be consistent across all these browsers, I
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* therefore use both even if it's a bit redundant. Once the latest
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* Safari has supported "content-visibility: auto" for a year or so and
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* it's in the latest version of the Tor Browser (which typically uses
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* whatever the latest Firefox-ESR was a month or two ago), I'll
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* consider removing these redundancies. I'll probably have to wait two
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* years.
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*
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* To keep myself from caring about minute details, I limited myself to
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* only defining spacing in increments of .25em. Pixels are multiples of
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* 3px. This also improves compression.
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* No more "finding the perfect value".
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*
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* I cite WCAG 2.2 success criteria with "SC". I also tried to meet
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* the Google a11y requirement of 48px tap targets separated by atl
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* 8px, excluding inline links. This involved increasing font size,
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* padding, line-height, and margins. */
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html {
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/* Mobile screens benefit from greater line-spacing so links are
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* further apart. Dyslexic users prefer the spacing too.
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* Necessary to meet SC 1.4.8.
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* <100dpi screens: sans-serif is better. Why did browsers settle
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* on serif being the default?? */
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font: 100%/1.5 sans-serif;
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/* Nearly every page on my site is taller than the viewport.
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* Paint the scrollbar ASAP to prevent layout shifts. */
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overflow-y: scroll;
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/* Site is already mobile optimized.
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* Don't screw up landscape mode. */
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-webkit-text-size-adjust: none;
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text-size-adjust: none;
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}
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/* This should not take effect on printouts, to save paper. */
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@media screen {
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body {
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/* Aligning to the center with space on both sides prevents accidental
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* link activation on tablets, and is a common practice that users are
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* more used to for articles. */
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margin: auto;
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/* WCAG recommends a max line width. Not everyone can resize the
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* viewport. This isn't for large blocks of text yet, so we don't have
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* to go by SC 1.4.8.
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* 40em = lowest acceptable width for titles, nav, footers, etc */
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max-width: 40em;
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/* Phone cases can cover the edges. Swipe-from-edge navigations
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* should not conflict with the page elements. Focus outlines for
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* heavily-padded nav links should not be cut-off. All three concerns
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* are addressed by adding some body padding.
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* I followed Google's a11y recommendations of "at least 8px space
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* between tappables" by creating margins/paddings between nav links;
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* re-use that same amount of space here. 24px is what it takes to
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* create atl 48px of non-interactive space on <ul> and <ol> elements
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* containing lists of interactives, with 8px in between.
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* Don't use relative units here; this margin shouldn't scale with
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* zoom, or else text will get narrower with zoom. */
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padding: 0 14px;
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}
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/* 45em is too wide for long body text.
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* Typically meets SC 1.4.8, plus or minus a few characters. */
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.e-content,
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[itemprop="dataFeedElement"],
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.narrow {
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margin: auto;
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max-width: 34em;
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}
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/* Enable containment, especially useful for achive pages with
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* long lists of content. */
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body > :not(main),
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main > :not(article),
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li article, /* Archive pages */
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/* We increase the target size of h2/h3 links in a way that would cause
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* issues with content containment */
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article > :not(h2):not(h3) {
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contain: inline-size layout paint;
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/* Add padding on both sides so that focus outlines don't escape their
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* containers. This will let us enable CSS containment without
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* clipping overflowing elements. */
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padding: 0 .5em;
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}
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/* Align titular h1 with top nav and body text. */
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main > h1 {
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padding-left: .25em
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}
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/* Breadcrumbs get a lot of padding, making the hr margin redundant
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* Due to containment, the wide blurb at the top of non-article pages
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* has a huge padding on the bottom. This actually works for archive
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* pages but not for the main page. */
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article > hr,
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body > hr,
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main > hr {
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margin: 0 .5em;
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}
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/* containment has increased spacing of the first paragraph of h-feed
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* entries; offset that. */
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li .p-name + p,
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header hr {
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margin-bottom: 0;
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}
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h1 {
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margin: 0 0 .25em;
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}
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/* Archive pages can get long. Allow them to get long without slowing
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* down the browser by using content-visibility. */
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dt,
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footer,
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h2,
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h3,
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li article,
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summary,
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[role="doc-endnotes"] {
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content-visibility: auto;
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contain-intrinsic-size: auto 3em;
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}
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dt,
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h3 {
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contain-intrinsic-size: 1.5em;
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}
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footer,
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li article {
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contain-intrinsic-size: auto 16em;
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}
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/* Notes can get a bit long. */
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li article[itemtype="https://schema.org/SocialMediaPosting"] {
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contain-intrinsic-size: auto 36em;
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}
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.tall,
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[role="doc-endnotes"] {
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contain-intrinsic-size: auto 50em;
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}
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/* Full-width elements (e.g. display: block) have known widths, so
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* contain their widths. */
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article,
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body,
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dt,
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dd,
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h1,
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h2,
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h3,
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main,
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pre,
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summary,
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[role="doc-endnotes"],
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[role="doc-preface"] {
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contain: inline-size layout paint;
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}
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figure,
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:not(li) > p {
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contain: inline-size layout;
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}
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/* Containment changed spaicng a bit; correct that. */
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article > h2 {
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margin: .25em 0;
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padding: .25em 0;
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}
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/* A11y: If we have a list of disclosure widgets, we need some
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* non-interactive space on the screen that's safe to tap.
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* Containment does not include paint because the focus-outline
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* will overflow. */
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details,
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fieldset,
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form {
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margin: .5em 0;
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}
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/* SC 2.5.5, Google a11y: Increase tap target size a bit
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* - Summary is a tappable button
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* - standalone links in lists are usually parts of collections of
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* links that should be easy to fat-finger
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* - links that directly follow h2 without being contained in a
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* paragraph are section permalinks. */
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/* stylelint-disable selector-max-compound-selectors -- simplest way to describe link-lists */
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input,
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summary,
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aside > a, /* Used for section permalinks */
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dt > a,
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:not(h1) + ul > li > a,
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ol > li > a,
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nav li > a,
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.u-comment dd > a,
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[itemprop="breadcrumb"] a,
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[itemprop="breadcrumb"] > span {
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/* stylelint-enable selector-max-compound-selectors */
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padding: .75em .25em;
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}
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/* Compensate for misalignment and wasted space caused by padding
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* and margin adjustments in nav children made to meet SC 2.5.5
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* Also prevent overlapping outlines on focus */
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/* We've increased the padding for dt > a, but dt without a link
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* should take up as much space. */
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dt {
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padding: 1em .5em;
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margin: -.25em 0 -.25em -.5em;
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}
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/* <dt> should not be closer to the previous <dd> than the following <dd>.
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* That can happen in webmentions.
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* Give <dd> some padding to the right as well, so webmentions
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* receiving paint containment don't get clipped. */
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dd {
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margin: 0;
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padding: .25em .25em .5em 1.75em;
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}
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aside > a,
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dt > a {
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contain: content;
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margin: -.75em -.25em;
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}
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h2 + aside[role="none"] {
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contain: strict;
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content-visibility: auto;
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height: 1.75em;
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margin: -1em -.5em;
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padding: 1em .5em;
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}
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header > nav,
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a[href="#h1"], /* skip link */
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.u-comment dd > a ,
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footer > nav,
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/* List items with direct hyperlink children should only have one
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* hyperlink. */
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li > a,
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aside > a,
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nav ol a {
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display: inline-block;
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margin-left: -.25em;
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}
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h1 + ul a {
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margin-left: 0;
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}
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/* Increase tap-target size of title links. */
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h2 > a {
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contain: content;
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display: inline-block;
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/* Mis-alignment, I have no clue why it's there. */
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margin: 0 .125em;
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padding: .25em;
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}
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h3 > a {
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contain: content;
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display: inline-block;
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padding: .5em .25em;
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}
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article > h3 {
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padding: .25em;
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margin: 0 0 0 -.5em;
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}
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/* align h-feeds in sections; they typically follow articles. */
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[role="doc-backlink"],
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section article p {
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margin-left: -.5em;
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}
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/* The nav has to be distant-enough from the top to make room for a
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* skip-link. The breadcrumbs also can't have their focus-outlines
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* overflow while CSS containment is enabled. */
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header > nav,
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nav[itemprop="breadcrumb"] {
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padding: .75em 0 .25em;
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}
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/* Multiple consecutive <dt> that share a <dd> shouldn't have tap targets overlap.
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* Due to containment: we need to ensure enough padding to avoid
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* overflow but then un-do the padding with a margin. */
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dt + dt {
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padding-top: .75em;
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margin-top: -.75em;
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}
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dt + dt > a {
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padding-top: 0;
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}
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/* Lists of links should have some spacing so tap targets don't overlap. */
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/* stylelint-disable selector-max-compound-selectors -- simplest way to describe link-lists */
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:not(nav) > :not(h1) + ul li > a,
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nav:not([itemprop="breadcrumb"]) li,
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ol li > a {
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/* stylelint-enable selector-max-compound-selectors */
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margin: .25em;
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}
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/* Increase backlink tap target size to at least 48x48 */
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[role="doc-backlink"] {
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contain: content;
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display: inline-block;
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padding: .75em .5em;
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margin-top: -1em;
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}
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/* skip link: make it invisible until focused, and put it on the top. */
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a[href="#h1"] {
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contain: content;
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content-visibility: auto;
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padding: 0 .25em;
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position: absolute;
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top: -2em;
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}
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a[href="#h1"]:focus {
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top: 0;
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}
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} /* End of adjustments for screen media type */
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/* Make superscripts a bit easier to tap, and prevent consecutive
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* superscripts from touching. */
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sup > a {
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margin-left: .25em;
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padding-bottom: .5em;
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}
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/* Make superscript font size a bit larger so they cross some APCA color
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* contrast thresholds on the dark theme. Also prevent them from messing
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* with line-height. */
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sup {
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font-size: 0.85em;
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line-height: 0;
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}
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/* narrow screens: reduce list indentation, hyphenate nested lists
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* touch screens: lists of links should be easy to tap so give them
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* some spacing (partial SC 2.5.5). There should be non-interactive
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* space to the left that's safe to tap.
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* 1.75em is the minimum required for ol numbers to fit. */
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ol,
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ul,
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li h2 + ul {
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padding-left: 1.75em;
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}
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blockquote,
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ol ol,
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ul ul {
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-webkit-hyphens: auto;
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hyphens: auto;
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margin: 0;
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padding-left: 1.25em;
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}
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/* Save some space and paper by making the site nav and footer links
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* single-line without bullets. The title should be visible in the fold
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* on most screens so users can identify the current page. */
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/* Step 1 to making the single-line nav: remove the bullet padding. */
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nav ul {
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margin: 0;
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padding: 0;
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}
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/* step 2: remove bullets and make elements inline. */
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[itemprop="breadcrumb"] ol,
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[itemprop="breadcrumb"] li,
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[itemprop="breadcrumb"] > span,
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nav ul li,
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dt > a {
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display: inline-block;
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}
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[itemprop="breadcrumb"] ol {
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margin: -.25em;
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padding: 0;
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}
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[itemprop="breadcrumb"] li:not(:last-of-type)::after {
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content: "→";
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}
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/* narrow screens: we reduce margin for blockquotes a lot, using
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* a border instead. */
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blockquote {
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border-left: 3px solid;
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}
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/* Narrow screens: allow hyphenating titles I can't add soft hyphens to
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* these. Also decrease the top margin a bit; the navbar and breadcrumb
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* list take up plenty of space on top. The latter is a purely
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* aesthetic choice, since it was annoying me a lot. */
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h1 {
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-webkit-hyphens: auto;
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hyphens: auto;
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}
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/* Very narrow screens: full hyphenation, compactness
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* This is the typical width of a smart feature phone, or a browser
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* sidebar. At this tiny width, users are either unlikely to be using a
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* touchscreen (KaiOS-like feature phones, desktop browser sidebars) or
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* they're just reading non-interactively. being compact probably takes
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* precedence over being touch-friendly. */
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@media (max-width: 272px) {
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body {
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-webkit-hyphens: auto;
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hyphens: auto;
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/* Use an absolute unit for side margins so they don't increase with zoom.
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* I computed this based on the thickness I saw in scrollbars and
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* bezels on some watches. */
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padding: 0 6px;
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}
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li > a,
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[itemprop="breadcrumb"] a,
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[itemprop="breadcrumb"] > span {
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padding: .25em;
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}
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dd {
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padding-left: 1em;
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}
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hr {
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margin: .25em 0;
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}
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/* This will line-wrap and take more vertical space; strict containment
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* won't work. */
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h2 + aside[role="none"] {
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contain: inline-size layout paint;
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}
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}
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/* <kbd> should be distinguished from <code> and surrounding text
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* in a way beyond font-face; at least two visual distinctions needed
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* I set the weight here. */
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kbd {
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font-weight: bold;
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}
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/* <ins> should not be mistaken for hyperlinks.
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* "note" roles should look distinct. */
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ins,
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[role="note"],
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[role="doc-tip"] {
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contain: content;
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font-style: italic;
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text-decoration: none;
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}
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/* narrow screens: remove unused figure margins
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* figure captions shouldn't look like regular paragraphs; there should
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* be some extra space.
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* This does not hold true for figures in somewhat distinct sections; the
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* parent section should instead get the spacing. A section that
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* constitutes a separate schema.org object would qualify. */
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figure,
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section[itemprop="mentions"] {
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margin: 1.5em 0;
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}
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/* image captions, on the other hand, should look more separate from
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* surrounding paragraphs. */
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figure[itemtype="https://schema.org/ImageObject"] {
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margin: 1.5em;
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}
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section[itemprop="mentions"] > figure {
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margin: 0;
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}
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/* browsers make monospace small and unreadable for some dumb legacy
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* reason and this somehow fixes that without overriding the user's
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* font size preferences. */
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code,
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kbd,
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pre, /* Needed for ancient browsers */
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samp {
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font-family: monospace, monospace;
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}
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/* Some browsers don't support the hidden attr.
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* I use hidden spans in backlinks to provide ARIA labels.
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* Some ancient browsers don't support input[type="hidden"] */
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[hidden],
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[type="hidden"] {
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display: none;
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}
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/* Remove list style from data feeds. */
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.h-feed > ol {
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list-style-type: none;
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margin: 0;
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padding: 0;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Narrow screens: long words can cause content to flow out of the
|
|
* viewport, triggering horizontal scrolling. Allow breaking words in
|
|
* content I don't control (comments, names). For content I do control,
|
|
* I just add soft hyphens to the HTML. */
|
|
.u-comment,
|
|
:not(pre) > code,
|
|
:not(pre) > samp,
|
|
span[itemtype="https://schema.org/Person"] {
|
|
overflow-wrap: break-word;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Narrow screens: allow horizontal scroll in a pre block. */
|
|
pre {
|
|
overflow: auto;
|
|
padding: .5em;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Distinguish images from the background in case their color is
|
|
* too similar to the page background color. Also put a border around
|
|
* <pre> and <code> to distinguish them in ways besides font-family.
|
|
* The tappable region of a <summary> extends across the page: we
|
|
* need to tell users that the full space is interactive.
|
|
* This is Technique C25 of SC 1.4.8 */
|
|
input,
|
|
img,
|
|
mark, /* borders provide a distinguishing factor besides color */
|
|
pre,
|
|
summary {
|
|
border: thin solid;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Putting a border around <details> makes summaries and
|
|
* the toggled details linked together as a sort of non-semantic
|
|
* section. I did this because in some situations (such as print layouts
|
|
* or PDF generators), <summary> receives no styling; it looks like
|
|
* ordinary text! There's no indication that it represents a toggle. Of
|
|
* course, you can't actually toggle things on a printed page, so I
|
|
* understand why they had to do this. Still, I think it's necessary to
|
|
* provide an indicator that you're looking at a section that was
|
|
* toggled somehow. Assistive technologies expose the button semantics
|
|
* of the <summary> and read its contents (which on seirdy.one start
|
|
* with the word "toggle"; interactive mouse/keyboard users can click it
|
|
* and see the list-style-type; print users should also have some
|
|
* indication.
|
|
*
|
|
* We still have more work to do, though. The contents of <details> are
|
|
* smooshed up against the border, so introduce some padding. This
|
|
* padding should apply to all top-level children of `details` *except*
|
|
* the `summary`, since we don't want a double-border.
|
|
*
|
|
* By applying this padding, we also happen to ensure that `details`
|
|
* children never protrude outside the `details` container. We can then
|
|
* apply some CSS containment for free without consequences. */
|
|
|
|
/* A black border is too harsh; the extra visual noise is distracting
|
|
* to users with eye-tracking or ADHD. Only special items like headings
|
|
* should draw gaze.
|
|
*
|
|
* We also need padding around inline code snippets so the border
|
|
* doesn't touch the letters and screw up readability. */
|
|
details,
|
|
:not(pre) > code,
|
|
:not(pre) > samp {
|
|
border: thin solid #999;
|
|
|
|
/* borders shouldn't touch text */
|
|
padding: 0 .25em;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
summary {
|
|
margin: 0 -0.25em;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* center standalone images; same justification as
|
|
* for centering the body contents. Also makes images easier to see
|
|
* for people holding a device with one hand. */
|
|
.e-content img {
|
|
display: block;
|
|
height: auto;
|
|
margin: auto;
|
|
max-width: 100%;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.h-card .u-photo {
|
|
height: 1em;
|
|
width: 1em;
|
|
vertical-align: -.1em;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
.p-author a.u-uid {
|
|
text-decoration: none;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
a .u-photo + .p-name {
|
|
text-decoration: underline;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Stretch out audio elements so the progress meter is easier to use. */
|
|
audio {
|
|
width: 100%;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Some images look blurry when scaled; this makes them easier to
|
|
* read. */
|
|
.pix {
|
|
image-rendering: pixelated;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Make search box and submit button as wide as possible while keeping
|
|
* them next to each other. */
|
|
|
|
/* Use table-style layout (no, not actual tables. eww.). It's like a
|
|
* single-row flexbox that supports more browsers. Kanged this CSS from
|
|
* ww.gov.uk. Give the entire width of the row to the search box, but
|
|
* allow the minimum width for the submit button. */
|
|
legend, /* Makes the <legend> wrap text in some browsers. */
|
|
form > div {
|
|
display: table;
|
|
width: 100%
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
input {
|
|
/* Don't shrink the size of the text in forms or make it system-ui. */
|
|
font-family: sans-serif;
|
|
font-size: inherit;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* A text box should take all available width */
|
|
input:not([type="submit"]) {
|
|
display: table-cell;
|
|
width: 98%;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Pseudo-table-cell containing the submit button */
|
|
form > div > div {
|
|
display: table-cell;
|
|
vertical-align: top; /* IE and some botique browsers need this */
|
|
width: 1%;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
/* Some browser focus indicators are inaccessible; override them with
|
|
* something more visible. See WCAG 2.x SC 2.4.12. I also tried to
|
|
* match browser behavior; mainstream browsers use :focus-visible
|
|
* instead of focus but older/simpler browsers only support :focus.
|
|
* I borrowed these directives from
|
|
* https://www.tempertemper.net/blog/refining-focus-styles-with-focus-visible
|
|
* To my knowledge: <a>, <summary>, and <pre tabindex=0> are the only
|
|
* focusable elements.
|
|
* */
|
|
|
|
a:focus,
|
|
summary:focus,
|
|
[tabindex="0"]:focus,
|
|
form :focus {
|
|
outline: 3px solid;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Remove :focus styling for browsers that do support :focus-visible.
|
|
* Leave it on for elements that are supposed to show focus on click. */
|
|
@supports selector(:focus-visible) {
|
|
a:focus:not(:focus-visible),
|
|
[tabindex="0"]:focus:not(:focus-visible) {
|
|
outline: none;
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
/* Todo:
|
|
* - Wait till Webkit fixes its broken-ass default dark stylesheet
|
|
* then consider trimming the dark stylesheet I provide.
|
|
* (UPDATE: they did! now I'll wait maybe three years for it to roll
|
|
* out as much as possible before removing my dark styles or
|
|
* relegating them to an optional stylesheet.)
|
|
* */
|